Two Strategies to Develop New Energy

　　China Adopts Two Strategies to Develop New Energy Vehicles

　　Editor's Note: On December 1 of 2010, China's International Development of New Energy Vehicles Summit Forum, jointly organized by Development Research Center of State Council and China International Trade Promotion Council, was held in Beijing's Conference Center. It is the first time that a ministry organized a forum on the topic of development of new energy vehicles. In the forum about technologies of new energy vehicles, Xiao Chengwei, the Chief Battery Expert of 18th Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, delivered a keynote speech.

　　Host: The next speaker is Mr. Xiao Chengwei, the Chief Battery Expert of 18th Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation. He is responsible for the projects of The Ministry of Science and Technology. He will discuss about the development of automotive batteries in China.

　　XIao Chengwei: Good afternoon! I'll give you a brief report on the topic of China's power batteries. I will divide my speech into three parts. The first part is background information. The second part is the progress of batteries' development. Moreover, I will discuss about the future prospects and situation of industrialization in my speech. During the 11th Five-Year Plan, China invested 2.81 billion yuan in the whole field of electric vehicles. As to the research and development of electric vehicles, China spent 1.1 billion yuan, which led to the related investment worth about ten billion yuan.

　　Taking the industrialization and cost of research and development into consideration, the overall investment has surpassed 11 billion yuan. For Chinese government, there are two strategies. On the one hand, China can take transitional strategy to develop energy-saving vehicles. On the other hand, China can adopt transformation strategy to develop new energy vehicles. China can promote the sustainable development of China's transportation system and automotive industry through the interaction and correlation of those two strategies.

　　China offers substantial financial supports for the development of new energy vehicles.

　　China offers key supports for pure electric large cars and pure electric small cars and gradually upgrades technologies in order to obtain the advanced technologies of pure electric vehicles. Four ministries of China's central government have launched the pilot programs in ten cities to introduce a large-scale demonstration project which covers hybrid vehicles, fuel cell vehicles and pure electric vehicles. The demonstration project focuses on public transportation, including post vehicles and sanitation cars. Among 25 cities, six cities were selected and the private consumption of vehicles will gain benefits. On the one hand, China carried out pilot programs in several cities. On the other hand, private purchase of vehicles can get benefits. Therefore, the project covers over 200,000 units of vehicles. We can take a look. The subsidy program will cover passenger cars, light commercial vehicles and public-service vehicles, which may use hybrid power, pure electric power or fuel cell. The subsidies range from 4,000 yuan to 250,000 yuan. Chinese government will also offer subsidies for city buses which are longer than ten meters. Cities buses may use hybrid power, pure electric power or fuel cell. Therefore, the amount of subsidies may vary according to different types of batteries. The amount of subsidies ranges from 50,000 yuan to 600,000 yuan.

　　In six cities, the governments will offer subsidies for private purchase of vehicles. Then I would like to talk about the subsidy standard. Private purchase of vehicles includes two categories-pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles. There are relevant requirements as well. For pure electric vehicles, the battery capacity should not be less than 15 kwh. As to plug-in vehicles, the battery capacity should not be less than 10 kwh. In the case of pure electric vehicles, the mileage should not be less than 50 kilometers. Chinese government offers subsidies according to the capacity of batteries. Each kilowatt will gain 3,000 yuan. Regarding pure electric vehicles, the maximum subsidy may total up to 60,000 yuan.

　　The 863 Program offers key supports for lithium-ion batteries.

　　I would like to deliver a brief report about the development of China's batteries. According to the 863 Program, there are projects of nickel-metal hydride batteries and lithium ion batteries, which include two types of batteries-power batteries and energy batteries. Regarding the requirement about cycle life, the cycle life of nickel-metal hydride batteries should not be less than 100,000 kilometers in the first period of project. Moreover, the cycle life of lithium ion batteries should not be less than 80,000 kilometers. During the second period of project, we offered key supports to the development of lithium-ion batteries, which include two types of batteries-iron and aluminum phosphate batteries and aluminum manganese oxide batteries. China will offer supports to power batteries and energy batteries. Based on the first development period, we upgraded the batteries. The power density of power batteries was increased to 1800w/kg. The specific energy requirement of iron and aluminum phosphate batteries reaches 25kw/kg. As to 50Ah and 100Ah energy batteries, they embraced higher specific energy requirements. As to aluminum manganese oxide batteries, the specific energy should exceed 120wh/kg. Moreover, we also set requirements about the safety of batteries, which means batteries should meet the national standards in terms of short circuit and other problems. The batteries should not catch fire or explode. Later we will show some experimental results to you. (Translator: Qinghua/Hanxin)

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